Analysis of the characteristics of energy-saving residential building construction
Energy-saving residential buildings aim at energy conservation and widely use modern energy-saving insulation materials, which makes their energy-saving design more reasonable. Restricted by the design objectives, it increases the difficulty of construction and management work of residential buildings. For example, combined with photovoltaic solar technology, when applied in the building, the construction of the main structure of the building in the construction process must be strictly controlled, and the basis for the application of photovoltaic technology must be managed. At the same time, it is also necessary to strengthen the control of the building structure on the needs of photovoltaic technology in order to facilitate the realization of energy saving in residential buildings.
In modern energy-efficient residential building construction, construction companies manage technical points as well as characteristics to improve the system of technical characteristics of building construction and ultimately achieve the energy-saving goals set by management work. Through the investigation and study of energy-saving residential buildings, it is found that more new materials and construction techniques are applied in their building construction, and the difference in their energy-saving design is quite obvious compared to the traditional building structure. Therefore, modern energy-efficient residential building construction units, with reference to the characteristics of energy-efficient residential building construction, must carry out management reform and strive to achieve the use of energy-efficient residential building construction goals.
Requirements for energy-efficient construction of residential buildings
When carrying out building construction, attention should be paid to adding the concept of energy conservation to the building project while improving the insulation effect and closure of the building envelope part. First of all, the construction unit should focus on designing the construction drawings before construction, using scientific ideas combined with the concept of energy saving, and pay attention to the construction technology when carrying out the construction of residential exterior walls, doors and windows, etc.; secondly, the construction personnel should strictly follow the construction drawings for residential building construction to ensure that the energy saving of residential buildings is maximized and the construction is completed within the expected effect to avoid the loss of construction costs. phenomenon.
Residential building energy-saving construction technology control measures
1. Wall construction
The hollow brick load-bearing wall in the building usually adopts the form of whole brick flat masonry, and the direction of setting the hole is kept vertical, and its long round hole follows the direction of the wall length. In order to ensure the load-bearing continuity of the load-bearing wall, try to keep the hollow brick intact during construction. When the whole brick is not enough, use solid brick to make up for it. Need to be buried in the load-bearing wall components and pipes, in its surrounding solid brick masonry, to maintain the load-bearing capacity of the wall.
And in masonry, leave or make pre-buried work. Do not drill holes at will, try to avoid the phenomenon of cement mortar filling holes, to prevent cracks in the external wall, air permeability, hot and cold bridge phenomenon. The site constructor should take into account the unfavorable factors such as low thermal resistance value of the wall, easy cracking of masonry and stucco, easy leakage at the gray joints and cracks, and actively look for the root cause of hidden problems. By studying the design construction drawings and the specific requirements of the project, take the correct construction treatment plan.
2. Wall insulation construction
Adding insulation materials to the construction of building walls can not only increase the overall temperature of the house while improving human comfort, but also reduce the use of heat and electricity and play an environmentally friendly role. Due to the different temperature, season and construction conditions in each region, there will be differences in the selection of insulation materials.
Insulation materials are generally constructed by dry hanging, pasting, coating and composite construction inside or outside the wall. Many architectural designs have insulation materials set on the inside or outside of the wall, but this method has many disadvantages, although the technical requirements are low. For example, if the insulation material is set on the inside, it is easy to have poor insulation effect; and if it is set on the outside of the wall, it is easy to have cracking and falling off. Therefore, when carrying out the construction of wall insulation materials should be combined with various real-world situations to carry out wall insulation construction.
(1) insulation mortar construction requirements
First, in the selection and production of building insulation materials need to take into account the following two points.
First, the general insulation materials are mixed with cement, gypsum and aggregates into insulation mortar, and then this mixed material is coated on the building to ensure that the building insulation effect.
Therefore, in the coating construction before the quality of insulation mortar testing, to confirm whether the mortar to meet the standard and housing water barrier, etc. will affect the insulation mortar effect, when the above steps to confirm the completion of the mortar coating construction; Second, in the insulation mortar coating to pay attention to the temperature and humidity of the environment, if the coating operation in the summer to pay attention to timely maintenance of mortar work.
Second, before and after the insulation mortar coating work to do a good job of preparation and maintenance work.
First, before the mortar coating to check whether the building wall grass-roots level is clean and flat, need to clean and repair the wall surface that does not meet the standard preparation work, and check whether the wetness of the wall surface is in line with the standard;.
Second, in the application of insulation mortar to apply mortar from top to bottom at a time, and in the construction to determine the standard horizontal lines, corner lines, etc., and in the coating pay attention to the use of mortar corner protection around the doors and windows;.
Third, in the coating should pay attention to the thickness of mortar, not too thin and not too thick, and in the coating process to adjust the mortar thickness in time, so as not to affect the insulation effect and housing use; Fourth, in the insulation mortar coating construction is completed to the mortar wall maintenance, in the mortar hardening and maintenance during the rigorous all the impact on the wall and vibration behavior of the operation, so as not to cause shedding, cracking and other phenomena. Cracks and other phenomena.
(2) dry hanging process
For the building with high requirements of external insulation, often use the dry hanging process. The air layer can be used to greatly improve the performance of heat insulation and waterproofing. However, due to the problem of high cost of dry hanging construction process, it is less used in multi-story residential buildings.
At the same time, the dry hanging system has to consider wind, earthquake, temperature, rain, atmospheric corrosion, durability and other unfavorable factors, and must ensure the stability and strength of the system. In the dry hanging construction, the quality requirements for the reliability of wall anchoring, the quality of connecting nodes and the anti-corrosion and waterproofing of metal parts are very high. At present, there are many new insulation products in the construction market, as well as various bonding materials and pasting processes. These pasting processes are combined with the use of mechanical anchoring methods.
3. Built-in insulation and external insulation
Built-in and external paste composite insulation technology is widely used in energy-saving residential buildings. With the improvement of construction engineering technology, its construction process is also becoming more and more mature. However, in its construction, it still needs to pay attention to the following control details.
① In built-in insulation construction, insulation layer paste or using mechanical anchoring must ensure that the surface of the inner wall is set with a flat thin plate. Hanging wire mesh on the flat sheet and setting up a protective layer such as stucco layer, adhesive plus alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh plastering layer.
② In the construction process, attention should be paid to the construction quality of the fine nodes at the edges and corners. strict control of the paste surface flat, clean, suitable humidity, and roofing waterproofing layer intact and the upper layer without construction underwater seepage;.
③ Strictly adopt the top-down construction sequence. Start from the shaded corner first, skirting line and door and window hole corner protection should be done before pasting, hanging mirror line position interval, pre-buried wood block from the wall through the insulation layer, used to fix the hanging mirror line; ④ kitchen, bathroom and other places with high humidity.
④ The protective surface layer of the wall with high humidity such as kitchen and bathroom should be considered for moisture-proof and seepage prevention measures. Wall corner, inside and outside the wall junction and skirting, easy to form a “thermal bridge” or dew drip, according to the actual project in the above parts to strengthen the insulation effect.
4. Insulation roof construction
Roof insulation construction of the laying method is the low weight, thermal conductivity, low water absorption rate, a certain strength of the insulation material set in the waterproof repeated and between the roof panels. There are many kinds of materials suitable for selection in the project, such as aerated concrete block, cement or asphalt perlite board, cement polystyrene board, cement vermiculite board, polystyrene board, etc., or choose the field casting of perlite, vermiculite, ceramic particles, pumice, waste polystyrene particles, slag and other bulk materials plus cement binder.
Need to distinguish the materials one by one pile, only to prevent confusion, affecting the quality. In addition, in the project can also be used in the counter-paving method, in the insulation layer below the waterproof layer, which can better protect the waterproof layer from damage, and construction maintenance more convenient. Of course, because of its high engineering cost, residential buildings have not been used in large numbers. Insulation roof construction, requires effective insulation measures for the roof.
Conclusion
The main point of construction technology control of energy-saving residential buildings is the construction of heat insulation of walls and roofs of buildings. To improve the energy-saving and environmental protection effect of the building, the construction unit and each department must strictly control each construction process and do a good job in the implementation of construction technology and construction process.
At the same time, the acceptance of each quality key point and control point must be done. Energy-saving residential buildings need to start from the details of the construction project, to ensure that the construction of energy-saving residential buildings meet the relevant standards, in order to make energy-saving buildings really reach the realm of comfortable and controllable, energy-saving and better environmental protection, for the benefit of the people.